ISOLASI SELULOSA DARI BAGAS TEBU MELALUI PEMANASAN IRADIASI GELOMBANG MIKRO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v2i2.1683Keywords:
Kata kunci, sellulosa, isolasi, gelombang irradiasi mikro, bagas tebuAbstract
ABSTRAK
Di Indonesia, bagas tebu berpotensi sebagai sumber alternatif selulosa karena jumlahnya yang melimpah. Bagas tebu merupakan hasil samping dari proses pembuatan gula yang mengandung 40-50% selulosa dan 25-35% hemiselulosa. Selulosa berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi salah satu bahan baku kimia terbarukan. Potensi tersebut ditunjang dengan sifatnya yang biokompatibilitas, dan sifat ramah lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan selulosa melalui proses likuifaksi, delignifikasi dan pemutihan menggunakan pemanas gelombang iradiasi mikro. Isolasi selulosa dari bagas tebu memanfaatkan pemanasan iradiasi gelombang mikro selama 18 menit. Isolat selulosa yang dihasilkan menunjukkan rendemen sebesar 38.57% dengan kadar α-selulosa dan hemiselulosa berturut-turut adalah 78.46% dan 18.65%. Keberhasilan proses isolasi juga dapat dilihat dari spektrum FTIR bagas tebu dan isolat selulosa. Hasil spektrum selulosa menunjukkan pengurangan serapan gugus guasil dam siringil, dan peningkatan serapan gugus β-selulosa. Pencirian isolat selulosa juga dilakukan menggunakan DSC dan SEM yang menunjukkan keberhasilan proses isolasi selulosa. Pemanasan menggunakan gelombang irradiasi mikro dapat mengurangi waktu proses. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa gelombang irradiasi mikro dapat diaplikasikan untuk efektivitas waktu proses.
Kata kunci : sellulosa, isolasi, gelombang irradiasi mikro, bagas tebu
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