PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PERLAKUAN AWAL ALKALI TERHADAP ENZYMATIC DIGESTIBILITY PADA PROSES SAKARIFIKASI LIMBAH PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v2i2.1684Keywords:
Kata kunci, pelepah, kelapa sawit, perlakuan awal, sakarifikasi, enzymatic digestibilityAbstract
ABSTRAK
Biomasa lignoselulosa dapat diperoleh dari berbagai limbah pertanian, limbah industri kertas, limbah hasil hutan dan limbah perkebunan. Salah satu contoh limbah perkebunan yang jumlahnya sangat melimpah di Indonesia adalah pelepah kelapa sawit. Limbah biomasa ini dapat dikonversi menjadi gula-gula sederhana (gula fermentasi) melalui dua tahapan, yaitu proses perlakuan awal dan hidrolisis secara enzimatis (sakarifikasi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi perlakuan awal alkali terhadap enzymatic digestibility pada proses sakarifikasi pelepah kelapa sawit. Proses perlakuan awal pelepah kelapa sawit dengan variasi konsentrasi alkali 4-15 %(w/w) dilakukan pada kondisi rasio solid/liquid 1:5, temperatur 150oC dan tekanan awal 5 bar selama 30 menit. Sedangkan proses sakarifikasi dilakukan pada konsentrasi substrat 15 %(w/v), konsentrasi enzim selulase 15 FPU/g substrat menggunakan buffer asam sitrat pH 4,8 pada kondisi operasi; temperatur 50 oC, kecepatan 150 rpm dan waktu 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi NaOH 10 %(w/w) yang digunakan pada proses perlakuan awal alkali menghasilkan kadar selulosa tertinggi (69,38 %) dan kadar lignin terendah (13,34 %). Proses sakarifikasi dengan variabel ini dapat menghasilkan kadar glukosa sebesar 8,40 %(w/w) dan kadar xilosa sebesar 1,97 %(w/w). Sedangkan ED selulosa dan ED hemiselulosa yang diperoleh pada kondisi ini berturut-turut sebesar 12,07 % dan 24,28 %.
Kata kunci : pelepah, kelapa sawit, perlakuan awal, sakarifikasi, enzymatic digestibility
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