Dynamic Simulation of LNG Terminal Facilities to Minimize Boil-Off Gas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v10i2.60931Keywords:
Boil-Off Gas, Dynamic Simulation, Emissions, Energy, Liquefied Natural GasAbstract
Natural gas is liquefied into LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) to reduce the volume to make transportation easier. At various stages of the LNG supply chain, especially loading or unloading, boil-off gas (BOG) often forms due to partial evaporation of the LNG liquid which occurs due to heat absorption from the surrounding environment. This research discusses strategies to minimize and recover BOG at LNG export terminals. The research uses plant-wide dynamic simulations to analyze BOG formation during loading and unloading modes, taking into account various LNG subcooling temperatures. This study identifies the optimal LNG temperature to reduce total energy consumption through various BOG recovery strategies. From the results of processing BOG temperature data on LNG, it can be concluded that the correct BOG temperature on LNG is in the temperature range of -1620C. The BOG efficiency value is 0,15%. Compressing BOG for use as engine fuel achieves thermal efficiency of up to 60%. Apart from that, to minimize BOG in LNG, use super efficient tank insulation, apply Re-Liquefaction technology (re-liquefy BOG), use BOG as ship fuel (especially with dual-fuel engines), cool the tank before loading, and optimize pump operation and pressure during transfer to reduce incoming heat energy.
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