OPTIMASI KEBUTUHAN H3PO4 PADA PEMBUATAN PPO NYAMPLUNG UNTUK BIOFUEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v1i2.719Keywords:
Kata Kunci, Pure Plant Oil (PPO), Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), H3PO4, degumming, biofuelAbstract
ABSTRAK
Bahan bakar alternatif dari sumber terbarukan,biofuel, diharapkan mampu mengurangi ketergantungan pada BBM fosil. Biofuel seperti PPO merupakan minyak nabati yang hasil pemurnian melalui 2 tahap proses utama: degumming dan netralisasi dengan reaksi saphonifikasi dilanjutkan dengan pencucian. Minyak nyamplung, Calophyllum inophyllum L. sesuai untuk biofuel karena dikategorikan non-edible sehingga tidak berkompetisi dengan kebutuhan pangan. Proses degumming dengan H3PO4 perlu dilakukan optimasi kebutuhannya untuk mendapatkan yield tertinggi. Karena H3PO4 sisa bisa mempengaruhi NaOH yang digunakan pada proses selanjutnya. Dengan 200 gr crude minyak nyamplung dilakukan degumming dengan variasi 10% – 20 % H3PO4 dan variasi volume 10 – 25 ml. Konsentrasi dan volume H3PO4 pada proses degumming mempengaruhi yield PPO nyamplung dimana hasil optimal dicapai pada peggunaan 15% H3PO4 sebanyak 15 mL. Peningkatan jumlah H3PO4 menurunkan yield akibat kehilangan PPO yang lebih mudah terbuang karena pembentukan sabun yang berkurang kepadatannya. Selain itu juga mempengaruhi kualitas air pencucian dengan H3PO4 semakin tinggi tetapi tidak berpengaruh pada FFA PPO nyamplung.
Kata Kunci : Pure Plant Oil (PPO), Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), H3PO4 , degumming, biofuel
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