Desain Boom Excavator sebagai Penghubung antara Arm dengan Upper Structure Excavator Prototipe Teknik Mesin UNPAM
Keywords:
Autodesk Inventor Professional, Boom, Simulasi, Beban Statik, ASTM A36Abstract
Boom merupakan komponen utama pada lengan excavator yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara arm dan upper structure, sekaligus memberikan jangkauan gerak vertikal maupun horizontal yang lebih luas bagi bucket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis desain boom excavator menggunakan perangkat lunak Autodesk Inventor Professional. Proses penelitian meliputi perancangan model 2D dan 3D serta analisis tegangan dan regangan terhadap variasi beban statik. Simulasi dilakukan dengan tiga variasi pembebanan, yaitu 400 N (40 kg), 600 N (60 kg), dan 800 N (80 kg). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan nilai Von Mises stress pada segitiga penopang hidrolik masing-masing sebesar 24,99 MPa, 37,48 MPa, dan 49,98 MPa, dengan perpindahan berturut-turut 0,0286 mm, 0,0428 mm, dan 0,0571 mm. Sementara itu, hasil simulasi kekuatan boom terhadap arm menghasilkan Von Mises stress sebesar 120,2 MPa, 180,3 MPa, dan 240,4 MPa, dengan perpindahan 0,1971 mm, 0,2956 mm, dan 0,3941 mm. Nilai safety factor masing-masing adalah 2,06 (aman), 1,38 (aman), dan 1,03 (tidak aman). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, boom dengan ketebalan pelat 2 mm menggunakan material Steel ASTM A36 dinyatakan aman untuk menahan beban statik hingga 60 kg pada prototipe boom excavator Teknik Mesin UNPAM.
Abstract: The boom is a major component of the excavator arm that connects the arm to the upper structure, providing a wider vertical and horizontal working range for the bucket. This study aims to design and analyze the excavator boom using Autodesk Inventor Professional software. The research process includes designing 2D and 3D models and performing stress and strain analyses under static load variations. Simulations were conducted with three load variations: 400 N (40 kg), 600 N (60 kg), and 800 N (80 kg). The simulation results show that the Von Mises stress values on the hydraulic support triangle were 24.99 MPa, 37.48 MPa, and 49.98 MPa, with corresponding displacements of 0.0286 mm, 0.0428 mm, and 0.0571 mm. Meanwhile, the Von Mises stress values on the boom-to-arm structure were 120.2 MPa, 180.3 MPa, and 240.4 MPa, with displacements of 0.1971 mm, 0.2956 mm, and 0.3941 mm, respectively. The safety factors obtained were 2.06 (safe), 1.38 (safe), and 1.03 (unsafe). Based on the analysis, the boom structure made of Steel ASTM A36 with a plate thickness of 2 mm is considered safe to withstand static loads up to 60 kg for the UNPAM Mechanical Engineering excavator boom prototype.
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