PENGARUH KOMITE AUDIT, CEO TENURE, ROA, DAN EARNING POWER TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA

Abstract

Abstract

 This study investigates the influence of audit committee, CEO tenure, Return on Assets (ROA), and earning power on earnings management in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2020–2024. The practice of earnings management remains a critical issue in this sector due to its complex revenue recognition and asset valuation processes, which create opportunities for managerial discretion. Using a quantitative approach, the research employed purposive sampling to select firms that consistently published audited annual reports over the study period. Earnings management was measured using discretionary accruals based on the Modified Jones Model, while panel data regression with the Common Effect Model was applied to examine the relationships among variables. The results indicate that the audit committee and CEO tenure do not significantly affect earnings management, suggesting that monitoring mechanisms and leadership duration have limited ability to restrict managerial manipulation. In contrast, ROA shows a significant negative effect, implying that firms with higher profitability have less incentive to manage earnings. Meanwhile, earning power has a significant positive effect, indicating that strong operating performance encourages managers to maintain favorable financial impressions through income smoothing. This research contributes to the literature on corporate governance and financial reporting by providing empirical evidence from the property and real estate sector, while also offering insights for regulators, investors, and companies in strengthening transparency and oversight practices.

Keywords: Audit Committee; CEO Tenure; ROA; Earning Power; Earnings Management

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh komite audit, CEO tenure, Return on Assets (ROA), dan earning power terhadap manajemen laba pada perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020–2024. Praktik manajemen laba masih menjadi isu penting pada sektor ini karena kompleksitas pengakuan pendapatan dan penilaian aset yang memberikan peluang bagi manajer untuk melakukan manipulasi laporan keuangan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling pada perusahaan yang menerbitkan laporan tahunan dan telah diaudit sepanjang periode penelitian. Manajemen laba diukur melalui discretionary accruals menggunakan Modified Jones Model, sedangkan analisis dilakukan melalui regresi data panel dengan model Common Effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komite audit dan CEO tenure tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, mengindikasikan bahwa mekanisme pengawasan dan lamanya masa jabatan pimpinan belum mampu membatasi tindakan oportunistik manajemen. Sebaliknya, ROA berpengaruh negatif signifikan sehingga perusahaan yang memiliki profitabilitas lebih tinggi cenderung tidak melakukan manajemen laba. Sementara itu, earning power berpengaruh positif signifikan yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan perusahaan menghasilkan laba mendorong manajer menjaga tampilan kinerja melalui income smoothing. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan literatur terkait tata kelola dan kualitas pelaporan keuangan, serta menawarkan implikasi praktis bagi regulator, investor, dan perusahaan dalam meningkatkan transparansi dan efektivitas pengawasan.

Kata Kunci: Komite Audit; CEO Tenure; ROA; Earning Power; Manajemen Laba