PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN UTANG DAN CAPITAL INTENSITY TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK

Abstract

Abstract

This study examines the influence of debt policy and capital intensity on tax aggressiveness in consumer non-cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2024. Tax aggressiveness remains a significant issue in Indonesia as companies often attempt to reduce their tax burden through strategies such as high leverage or asset-based depreciation, which impact taxable income. Using an associative quantitative approach, this research employs secondary data obtained from audited financial statements and annual reports. The sample was selected using purposive sampling based on specific criteria, and the analysis was conducted using panel data regression with EViews 12, preceded by descriptive statistics and classical assumption tests. The results show that debt policy significantly influences tax aggressiveness, while capital intensity does not exhibit a significant effect. Simultaneously, both variables contribute to explaining variations in tax aggressiveness in consumer non-cyclicals companies. This research contributes empirically to the literature on tax management by highlighting how financing decisions and fixed asset structures shape corporate tax behavior, and practically, it provides insights for managers in optimizing tax planning strategies while complying with regulations.

Keywords: Tax Aggressiveness; Debt Policy; Capital Intensity; Leverage; Consumer Non-Cyclicals

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan utang dan capital intensity terhadap agresivitas pajak pada perusahaan sektor consumer non-cyclicals yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2021–2024. Agresivitas pajak masih menjadi tantangan signifikan di Indonesia karena perusahaan berupaya menekan beban pajak melalui penggunaan utang maupun pemanfaatan depresiasi aset, yang berdampak pada laba kena pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan auditan dan laporan tahunan. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk menentukan sampel, dan data dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel melalui software EViews 12, didukung oleh uji statistik deskriptif serta uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan utang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak, sedangkan capital intensity tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Secara simultan, kedua variabel mampu menjelaskan variasi agresivitas pajak pada perusahaan consumer non-cyclicals. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dalam pengembangan literatur akuntansi perpajakan terkait pengelolaan beban pajak, serta manfaat praktis bagi manajemen dalam merumuskan strategi perencanaan pajak yang efektif dan tetap sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku.

Kata Kunci: Agresivitas Pajak; Kebijakan Utang; Capital Intensity; Leverage; Consumer Non-Cyclicals