Blockchain dalam Ekonomi Syariah: Meningkatkan Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Zakat, Wakaf, dan Sukuk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/amq.v2i2.44576Keywords:
Blockchain dalam Ekonomi Syariah, Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Keuangan Syariah, Zakat, Wakaf, dan Sukuk, Cryptocurrency dan Prinsip SyariahAbstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji potensi penerapan teknologi blockchain dalam memperkuat sistem ekonomi syariah, dengan fokus pada transparansi, efisiensi, dan keamanan yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Karakteristik blockchain yang terdesentralisasi dan dilindungi dengan kriptografi mendukung prinsip-prinsip keuangan syariah, khususnya dalam mengurangi ketidakpastian (gharar) dan menghindari unsur riba (bunga). Berdasarkan metode studi pustaka dengan analisis isi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan blockchain dalam zakat, wakaf, dan sukuk dapat meningkatkan akuntabilitas melalui penciptaan jejak audit yang terbuka dan dapat diawasi. Studi ini juga mengangkat isu kontroversial terkait cryptocurrency dalam ekonomi syariah yang timbul dari sifat spekulatifnya, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengembangkan regulasi dan kerangka hukum yang sesuai. Adopsi blockchain dalam ekonomi syariah menghadapi berbagai tantangan, terutama dari segi regulasi, keterbatasan pengetahuan di kalangan praktisi, serta penerimaan publik terhadap teknologi baru ini. Oleh karena itu, kolaborasi antara regulator, ahli syariah, dan pengembang teknologi menjadi penting untuk memastikan kepatuhan syariah sekaligus meningkatkan adopsi teknologi. Temuan penelitian ini menawarkan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi syariah yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan, dengan blockchain sebagai instrumen untuk menciptakan sistem yang lebih adil dan transparan.
Keywords : Blockchain dalam Ekonomi Syariah, Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Keuangan Syariah, Zakat, Wakaf, dan Sukuk, Cryptocurrency dan Prinsip Syariah
Abstract
This study examines the potential application of blockchain technology in strengthening the sharia economic system, with a focus on transparency, efficiency, and security that are in line with Islamic values. The decentralized and cryptographically protected characteristics of blockchain support the principles of sharia finance, especially in reducing uncertainty (gharar) and avoiding riba (interest). Based on the literature study method with content analysis, this study found that the use of blockchain in zakat, waqf, and sukuk can improve accountability by creating an open and supervised audit trail. This study also raises the controversial issue of cryptocurrency in the sharia economy arising from its speculative nature, so further research is needed to develop appropriate regulations and legal frameworks. The adoption of blockchain in the sharia economy faces various challenges, especially in terms of regulation, limited knowledge among practitioners, and public acceptance of this new technology. Therefore, collaboration between regulators, sharia experts, and technology developers is important to ensure sharia compliance while increasing technology adoption. The findings of this study offer a significant contribution to the development of an inclusive and sustainable sharia economy, with blockchain as an instrument to create a fairer and more transparent system.
Keywords: Blockchain in Islamic Economics, Transparency and Accountability of Islamic Finance, Zakat, Waqf, and Sukuk, Cryptocurrency and Sharia Principles
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