EVOLUSI MEKANISME KEAMANAN DATA DALAM CLOUD COMPUTING: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW TERHADAP TEKNIK ENKRIPSI DAN ACCESS CONTROL (2020-2025)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

EVOLUSI MEKANISME KEAMANAN DATA DALAM CLOUD COMPUTING: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW TERHADAP TEKNIK ENKRIPSI DAN ACCESS CONTROL (2020-2025). Penelitian ini menganalisis evolusi mekanisme keamanan data dalam cloud computing dengan fokus pada teknik enkripsi dan access control periode 2020-2025 melalui pendekatan systematic literature review menggunakan protokol PRISMA. Proses identifikasi literatur menghasilkan 309 artikel dari basis data akademik terkemuka yang kemudian diseleksi secara sistematis melalui tahapan screening dan eligibility assessment, menghasilkan 10 artikel berkualitas tinggi untuk dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa teknik enkripsi mengalami transformasi signifikan dari skema konvensional menuju Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) dan Attribute-Based Searchable Encryption (ABSE) yang menawarkan fine-grained access control dan kemampuan pencarian pada data terenkripsi. Mekanisme access control bertransformasi dari Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) menuju Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) dan Relationship-Based Access Control (ReBAC) dengan adopsi Zero Trust Architecture sebagai paradigma dominan. Tantangan implementasi mencakup kompleksitas manajemen kunci, performance overhead, misconfiguration, dan kesenjangan adopsi post-quantum cryptography. Teknologi emerging seperti artificial intelligence, machine learning, dan blockchain memiliki potensi transformatif dalam meningkatkan efektivitas keamanan melalui deteksi anomali adaptif dan otorisasi dinamis. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan multi-layered security yang mengintegrasikan enkripsi, multi-factor authentication, dan policy management engines modern untuk menciptakan ekosistem cloud computing yang aman dan resilient terhadap ancaman siber kontemporer.

Kata Kunci: Access Control, Cloud Computing, Enkripsi

ABSTRACT

EVOLUTION OF DATA SECURITY MECHANISMS IN CLOUD COMPUTING: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF ENCRYPTION AND ACCESS CONTROL TECHNIQUES (2020-2025).This research analyzes the evolution of data security mechanisms in cloud computing with a focus on encryption techniques and access control during the period 2020-2025 through a systematic literature review approach using the PRISMA protocol. The literature identification process yielded 309 articles from leading academic databases which were then systematically selected through screening and eligibility assessment stages, resulting in 10 high-quality articles for in-depth analysis. The research findings identify that encryption techniques have undergone significant transformation from conventional schemes to Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) and Attribute-Based Searchable Encryption (ABSE) which offer fine-grained access control and search capabilities on encrypted data. Access control mechanisms have transformed from Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) and Relationship-Based Access Control (ReBAC) with the adoption of Zero Trust Architecture as the dominant paradigm. Implementation challenges include key management complexity, performance overhead, misconfiguration, and gaps in post-quantum cryptography adoption. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain have transformative potential in enhancing security effectiveness through adaptive anomaly detection and dynamic authorization. This research recommends a multi-layered security approach that integrates encryption, multi-factor authentication, and modern policy management engines to create a cloud computing ecosystem that is secure and resilient against contemporary cyber threats.

Keywords: Access Control, Cloud Computing, Encryption