ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF PASSIVE VOICE IN STUDENTS’THESIS PROPOSAL
Abstract
This study is aimed at analyzing types and causes of the students’ errors in the use of passive voice in their thesis proposals. The study used document analysis, by analyzing sentences taken from 30 selected thesis proposals of three different interest: literature, lingusitics, and teaching. The collected data were classified based on the types of errors using Dulay’s Theory, and were analyzed to discover the causes of the errors using theory from Norrish (1983). From the 30 selected proposals, there were fourty-three sentences found to have errors in using passive with different types. Eight sentences are identified as having addition errors, 16 sentences are marked to contain omission error, 17 sentences have misformation error, and two sentences contain (2) misordering errors. The most errors occured were misformation types, followed by omission, and addition. Regarding to the causes of errors, the addition errors were mostly caused by translation and first language interference. These occured when the students tried to translate their L1 into L2. The omission errors, on the other hand, were caused mostly by students’ carelessness. Fourteen out of sixteen errors of this type occured because the students forgot to include ‘to be’ in their passive sentences. Most of the misformation errors were caused by the use of the wrong form of structure. Meanwhile, misordering errors were mainly caused by translation when students tried to transfer their L1 into L2. Some students misused the order of a statement to a question.
Key words: Error analysis, passive voice, types and causes, descriptive qualitative
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