Submissions

Author Guidelines

PISTON: Journal of Technical Engineering is a national journal, that provides a forum for publishing novel technologies related to mechanical engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in Energy Conversion, Manufacturing, Construction, Advanced Material, Nano Material, Physics, Transportation Engineering, Energy Resources, Robotics, Solid State Technology, etc. are particularly welcome.

The paper can be written in Indonesian or English. If the papers submitted to this journal in English, So Authors for whom English is not their native language are encouraged to have their paper be checked before submission for grammar and clarity. Authors are recommended to use the following English Services: Elsevier English Language Editing Services. or Grammarly.  The work should not have been published or submitted for publication elsewhere. 

General Author Guidelines 

All manuscripts must be submitted to the PISTON Editorial Office using the Online Submission Service at the following URL address: https://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/Piston/about/submissions where the Author should register first as the Author role if the authors have any problems with the online submission, please contact the Editorial Office at the following email: piston@unpam.ac.id.

The following documents should accompany the manuscripts submitted online through the online submission interface (upload as Supplementary Files):

1. Manuscript Template
   The manuscript should be prepared according to the following author guidelines in the MS Word article template format: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1nUDs5cs5ppaobL2UoXUVVgqxgVqyaB4B?usp=sharing
2. Reviewing process manuscripts
   Every submitted paper is independently reviewed by at least two peer reviewers. Authors may suggest up to three peer reviewers when submitting the manuscript. The decision for publication, amendment, or rejection is based upon their reports/recommendations and made solely by the Editor. If two or more reviewers consider a manuscript unsuitable for publication in this journal, a statement explaining the basis for the decision will be sent to the authors after the submission date.
3. Reviewing process manuscripts
   Manuscripts sent back to the authors after revision should be returned to the editor without delay. The revised manuscript should be uploaded to the Online Submission Interface (http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/Piston/login).
   The revised document should include:
   • One (1) MS Word file for Revision Note file in a table form with respect to Reviewers' comments including the location of the revision on the revised manuscript. The table columns should be Number, Reviewers Comments, Answer/Revision Note, and Location of Revision (page number, column, and/or line).
   • One (1) MS Word file for the Revised Manuscript file according to Template-based format (MS Word file) (Important: please color highlight the revised sentences). The revised manuscript returned later than three months will be considered a new submission and will be reviewed again by other peer-reviewers.
4. Guideline for Online Submission
   An author should first register as an Author Role and may be offered as a Reviewer through the following address: http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/Piston/login.The author should fulfill the form as detail as possible where the star-marked form must be entered. After all form textbox was filled, the Author clicked on the Register button to proceed with the registration. Therefore, the Author is brought to an online author submission interface where the Author should click on "New Submission". In the Start a New Submission section, click on "Click Here: to go to step one of the five-step submission process". The following are five steps in the online submission process: 
   1. Step 1 - Starting the Submission: submission checklist. The Author must check the box, that indicates that this submission is ready to be considered by this journal.
   2. Step 2 - Uploading the Submission: To upload a manuscript to this journal, click Browse on the Upload submission file item and choose the manuscript document file (.doc/.docx) to be submitted, then click the "Upload" button until the file has been uploaded. Do not upload a cover letter and other supplementary files here.
   3. Step 3 - Entering Submission's Metadata: In this step, detailed authors' metadata should be entered including the marked corresponding author. After that, the manuscript title and abstract must be uploaded by copying the text and paste in the textbox including keywords.
   4. Step 4 - Uploading Supplementary Files: Supplementary files should be uploaded including Covering/Submission Letter. Therefore, click on the Browse button, choose the files, and then click on the Upload button.
   5. Step 5 – Confirming the Submission: The author should final check the uploaded manuscript documents in this step. To submit the manuscript to the PISTON journal, click the Finish Submission button after the documents are true.
5. Manuscript Preparation Guidelines
   After this submission, the Authors who submit the manuscript will get a confirmation email about the submission automatically. Therefore, Authors are able to track their submission status at any time by logging in to the online submission interface. The submission tracking includes the status of the manuscript review and editorial process.
   • 5.1. General Organization of Paper
     The paper will be published in Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering after the peer-reviewed process and decided as 'Accepted' by the Editors. The final paper layout will be reproduced by the Editorial Office of Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering. The final paper layout in PDF type, known as 'Uncorrected Proof' should be corrected by the Author. The final corrected proof will be published first in 'Article In Press' or "In Progress" pre-issue.
     Manuscript content should, in general, be organized in the following order: Title; author name; author affiliation; Abstract; Keywords; Introduction; Methods; Results and Discussion; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; and References. Manuscript documents submitted to this journal (in one MS Word or PDF file) should be arranged as a template (from Title to References).
   • 5.2. Section Headings
     Three levels of heading are allowed as follows:
     
     • Level 1 (Heading1 format) - 12pt, Times bold, UPPERCASE, Center
     • Level 2 (Heading2 format) - 10pt, Times bold, left-justified
     • Level 3 (Heading3 format) - 10pt, Times bold italic, left-justified
   • 5.3. Body Text
     The body of the text is a set of body text paragraphs defined as follows:
     
     • 10pt Times New Roman
     • Single spaced
     • Spacing after the Heading1 is 12 pt
     • Spacing before the new Heading1 is 22 pt
     • Spacing after the next heading is 3-pt
     • Spacing before the new heading is 12 pt
     • The indentation for the first line is 0.63 cm.
   • 5.4. Bullets
     Bullet and numbering within body text are allowed. All sentences are recommended to be typed as descriptive paragraphs.
   • 5.5. Tables
     Tables are sequentially numbered with the table title and number above the table. The table title is only bold in the table number. Tables should be centered in the column or on the page. Elements of a table should be 1.15-spaced. However, double spacing can be used to show groupings of data or to separate parts within the table.  Table headings should be in 10 pt not bold. Tables are referred to in the text by the table number, e.g., Table 1. Do not show the vertical line in the table. There is only a horizontal line that should be shown in the table, as well as the table heading.
   • 5.6. Figures
     Figures are sequentially numbered commencing at 1 with the figure title and number below the figure as shown in Figure 1. Detailed recommendations for figures are as follows:
     
     •  Ensure that figures are clear and legible with typed letterings.
     • Black & white or colored figures are allowed.
     • If a figure spans two columns, it should be placed at the top or bottom of a page.
     • Hard copy illustrations should, preferably, be scanned and included in the electronic version of the submission in an appropriate format as follows:
       • BMP - Microsoft bitmap file
       • WMF - Windows Metafile Format
       • EPS - Encapsulated Postscript
     • If figures cannot be scanned, the original should be placed in its location within the manuscript using wax or colorless glue.
     • The following files are permissible:
       • Microsoft Graph
       • Microsoft Draw
   • 5.7. Equations
     Equations should be numbered serially within parentheses as shown in Equation (1). The equation should be prepared using MS Equation Editor (not in image format). The equation number is to be placed on the extreme right side. Symbols in the equation should be typed as a paragraph descriptive, not as a bulleted list. The explanation of symbols in the Equation must be described as a paragraph not listed format.
   • 5.8. Units, Abbreviations, and Symbols
     Metric units are preferred and should be consistent throughout the body text. Define abbreviations and symbols for the first time as they are introduced in the text.
   • 5.9. Manuscript Heading, Font, and Spacing
     The manuscript should be typed using word processors (Microsoft Word or Open Office) software. The font used throughout the paper is Times New Roman. The paper size is A4 (i.e., 210 x 297 mm), one-column format with a 2.54 cm margin at the top, a 2.67 cm margin at the bottom, a 2.54 cm margin on the left, and a 2 cm margin on the right. Lines are one-spaced, and justified. Page numbers should be included in the text located in the footer section of each page. Important: Use of pronouns, such as I, we, etc., is to be avoided.
     Manuscripts submitted to this journal should follow the heading below, except for the review article: Title; Authors Name; Authors Affiliation; Abstract; Keywords; Introduction; Methods; Results and Discussion; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; and References.
   • 5.10. Paper Title
     This is your opportunity to attract the reader's attention. Remember that readers are the potential authors who will cite your article. Identify the main issue of the paper within the title. Begin with the subject or highlight the idea of the paper. The title should be accurate, unambiguous, specific, and complete. Do not contain infrequently used abbreviations. The title of the paper should be in 18 pt bold Times New Roman and be centered. The title should have 0 pts space above and 15 pts below.
     
   • 5.11. Authors' Name and Affiliations
     Write Author(s) names without a title and professional positions, such as Prof, Dr, Production Manager, etc. Do not abbreviate your last/family name. Always give your First and Last names (should be at least 2 (two) words). Write a clear affiliation of all Authors. Affiliation includes the name of the department/unit, (faculty), the name of the university, the address, country. Please indicate the Corresponding Author (include email address) by adding an asterisk (*) in superscript behind the name.
     Author names should be in 14 pt Times Roman with 0 pts above and 12 pts below. Author addresses are superscripted by numerals and centered over both columns of manuscripts. Author affiliations should be in 10 pt Times Roman italics. The body of the text should commence 3 lines (36 points) below the last address.
     Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
   • 5.12. Abstract and Keywords
     An abstract should stand alone, which means that there are no citations and figures and equation format in the abstract. Consider it the advertisement for your article. The abstract should tell the prospective reader what you did and highlight the key findings. Avoid using technical jargon and uncommon abbreviations. You must be accurate, brief, clear, and specific. Use words that reflect the precise meaning. The abstract should be precise and honest. Please follow the word limitations 100-300 words). The abstract must contain backgrounds (if any, maximum 2-3 sentences), short clear objectives, short methods, final results or findings, and a conclusion.
     Keywords are the labels of your manuscript and are critical to correct indexing and searching. Therefore the keywords should represent the content and highlight of your article. Use only those abbreviations that are firmly established in the field. e.g. DNA. Each word/phrase in the keyword should be separated by a comma (,). The abstract and keywords also should be translated into Indonesian language.
   • 5.13. Introduction
     In the Introduction, the Authors should state the objectives of the work at the end of the introduction section. Before the objective, the Authors should provide an adequate background, and a very short literature survey/review to record the existing solutions/method, to show which is the best of previous research, to show the main limitation of the previous research, to show what do you hope to achieve (to solve the limitation), and to show the scientific merit or novelties of the paper. Avoid a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. Before the objectives and after the literature review, the author must state the gap analysis or novelties statements to show why this paper is important and what is a unique idea of this paper compared to other previous researchers' suggestions.
     One of the examples of a novelty statement or the gap analysis statement at the end of the Introduction section (after the state of the art of the previous research survey):
     "........ (short summary of background)....... .....(put here state of the art or overview of previous research similar to this research).............. A few researchers focused on ....... There have been limited studies concerned with........ Therefore, this research intends to ................. The objectives of this research are .........".
   • 5.14 Materials and Methods
     Materials and methods should make readers be able to reproduce the experiment. Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described. Do not repeat the details of established methods. For the chemicals, please provide details of brand and purity (example: CaO (Merck, 99.5%)) first, and state the concentration of chemicals in the procedure of the experiment.
   • 5.15. Results and Discussion
     The results should be clear and concise. The results should summarize (scientific) findings rather than provide data in great detail. Please highlight the differences between your results or findings and the previous publications by other researchers. The discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
     In the discussion, it is the most important section of your article. Here you get the chance to sell your data. Make the discussion corresponding to the results, but do not reiterate the results. Often should begin with a brief summary of the main scientific findings (not experimental results).
     The following components should be covered in discussion:
     
     • How do your results relate to the original question or objectives outlined in the Introduction section? What is your finding of research? (what/how)? 
     • Do you provide an interpretation scientifically for each of your results or findings presented? This scientific interpretation must be supported by valid analysis and characterization (why). 
     • Are your results consistent with what other investigators have reported (what else)? Or are there any differences?
   • 5.16. Conclusions
     Conclusions should only answer the objectives of the research. Tells how your work advances the field from the present state of knowledge. Without clear Conclusions, reviewers and readers will find it difficult to judge the work, and whether or not it merits publication in the journal. Do not repeat the Abstract, or just list experimental results. Provide a clear scientific justification for your work, and indicate possible applications and extensions. This conclusion should be provided as a paragraph. You should also suggest future experiments and/or point out those that are underway.
   • 5.17. Acknowledgment
      Recognize those who helped in the research, especially funding supporters of your research financially. Include individuals who have assisted you in your study: Advisors, Financial supporters, or maybe another supporter, i.e. Proofreaders, Typists, and Suppliers, who may have given materials. Do not acknowledge one of the authors' names.
   • 5.18. Citations and References
     Cite the main scientific publications on which your work is based. Cite only items that you have read. Do not inflate the manuscript with too many references. Avoid excessive self-citations. Avoid excessive citations of publications from the same region. Check each reference against the original source (author name, volume, issue, year, DOI Number). Please use Reference Manager Applications like  Mendeley, Zotero, etc. Use other published articles in the same journal as models. The minimum number of references is recommended 10 references.
     Citation within the body text of the article to reference(s) must follow the numbering system. References must be presented sequentially and sorted to start from the first cited reference.
     Example: " Low carbon steel is extensively utilized in the construction sectors and various applications, due to their low cost than high-alloy steels and good mechanical properties as well [1,2]. However, low-carbon steel has poor oxidation and corrosion resistance, especially at high temperatures, which restricts their applications. Investigation of the fabrication of highly resistant coating against oxidation and corrosion on low-carbon steel is considered an essential and promising task for solving the problem. Metals that can form continuous and stable oxides are widely believed to be suitable for fabricating anti-oxidation and corrosion coatings [3]."
     All publications cited in the text should be included as a list of references. References are sequentially numbered as they appear in the text. Reference numbers are indicated in square brackets. Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either "Unpublished results" or "Personal communication". The citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
     As a minimum, the full URL should be given, and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, a reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
     Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
     This journal has to follow standard templates available in key reference management packages, Mendeley, or Zetero.
     Using plug-ins to word processing packages, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, and the list of references and citations to these will be formatted according to the journal style, which is described below.
     Recommendations for references are:
     
     • Include ALL authors. et al., for multiple authors is not acceptable.
     • When referencing in the body of text, use 10pt Times Roman in square brackets [1].
     • Types of references are as follows:
       • For a Book, see [1]
       • For a Book, see [1]
       • For a Journal Article, see [3]
       • For a Proceedings Paper, see [5]
       • For a Book chapter, see [7]
       • For a Technical Report, see [9]
       • For a Dissertation or Thesis, see [11]
     • When preparing your reference list, the following should be avoided: 
       • References not cited in the text.
       • Excessively referencing your work.
       • Insufficiently referencing the work of others.
         It is also preferable when Authors give the DOI number of each reference list in brackets [3], but it is optional for Authors. References list must be written consistently.
         Examples of guidelines for preparing the references list are described in the last section of this author's guidelines.
   • 5.19. References
     Citation within the body text of the article to reference(s) must follow a numbering system ("..... [1], ...... [2-3], etc.") which should be started from references cited first. However, the references list must be typed according to the IEEE Reference format.
     
     [1]     Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), Title of the Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, (U.S. State or Country if the City is not ‘well known’): Publisher, Year of Publication, pp. xxx–xxx.. ← Book
     
     [2]      B. Klaus and P. Horn, Robot Vision. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 1986. â† Book
     
     [3]      Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), “Title of the article,” Abbrev. Title of Journal, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx–xxx, Abbrev. Month, Year. DOI information. ← Journal
     
     [4]      M. M. Chiampi and L. L. Zilberti, “Induction of electric field in human bodies moving near MRI: An efficient BEM computational procedure,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 58, pp. 2787–2793, Oct. 2011, doi: 10.1109/TBME.2011.2158315. ← Journal
     
     [5]      Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), “Title of paper,” in Abbrev. Title of Conf. Proceedings, Place of Conference/Publication, (vol., no. if available), Year (only if not already stated in the title), pp. xxx–xxx. ←Conferences
     
     [6] S. P. Bingulac, "On the compatibility of adaptive controllers,” in Proc. 4th Annu. Allerton Conf. Circuit Syst. Theory, New York, NY, USA, 1994, pp. 8–16. ←Conferences
     
     [7] Chapter Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), "Title of chapter in the book," in Title of the Published Book, xth ed., vol. x. Editor(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), Ed. or Eds. City of Publisher, (U.S. State or Country if the City is not ‘well known’): Publisher, Year of Publication, ch. x [chapter number], or sec. x [section number], pp. xxx–xxx [page range]. ← Book Chapter
     
     [8] L. Li, J. Yang, and C. Li, “Super-resolution restoration and image reconstruction for passive millimeter wave imaging,” in Image Restoration—Recent Advances and Applications, A. Histace, Ed., Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2012,pp. 25–45.. ← Book Chapter
     
     [9]    Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), “Title of Report,” Publisher, Place of Publication City, (abbrev. US State or Country if the City is not 'well known'), Report number/Type (if available), Abbrev. Month. (Day if available), Year of Publication. ←Report
     
     [10] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, USA,Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1988. ←Report
     
     [10]  Author(s) Initial(s). Surname(s), “Title of thesis or dissertation,” Type of thesis (Ph.D. dissertation or M.S. thesis), Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., City of University, (U.S. State or Country if the City is not 'well known'), Year of Publication. Accessed on: Abbrev. Month. Day, Year. [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file . â†Thesis
     
     [11] K. Jegathala Krishnan, "Implementation of renewable energy to reduce carbon consumption and fuel cell as a back-up power for national broadband network (NBN) in Australia," Ph.D dissertation, College of Eng. and Sc., Victoria Univ., Melbourne, 2013. Accessed on: June 16, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://vuir.vu.edu.au/25679/ â†Thesis