Rancang Bangun Alat Pengering Produk Pertanian Berbasis Tenaga Surya dengan Kontrol Suhu Otomatis dan Suplai Udara Panas Berbasis Internet of Things
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/epic.v8i2.58711Keywords:
Smart Solar Dryer, ESP32, IoT Blynk, Pengeringan Sayuran, Pemanas ResistifAbstract
Proses pengeringan konvensional yang mengandalkan sinar matahari memiliki keterbatasan pada ketergantungan cuaca dan risiko kontaminasi, yang merugikan kualitas pascapanen petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengembangkan sistem pengering hasil pertanian otomatis berbasis tenaga surya (smart solar dryer) berkapasitas 50–60 kg yang terintegrasi dengan pemanas resistif cadangan. Metode penelitian melibatkan implementasi mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai unit kendali utama, sensor DHT11 untuk pemantauan suhu dan kelembaban, serta sistem forced-convection berbasis blower untuk distribusi panas yang merata. Sistem ini juga mengintegrasikan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) melalui platform Blynk untuk pemantauan dan kendali jarak jauh secara real-time. Pengujian dilakukan pada komoditas sayuran kangkung, bayam, dan sawi untuk mengukur tingkat penyusutan bobot dan performa termal ruang pengering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menjaga kestabilan suhu otomatis pada rentang 50–60°C dengan akurasi yang konsisten meskipun kondisi cuaca berfluktuasi. Pemanas resistif terbukti efektif mempertahankan suhu saat radiasi matahari menurun, sementara sistem forced-convection mempercepat evaporasi dan memastikan keseragaman hasil pengeringan. Integrasi IoT melalui Blynk menunjukkan performa jaringan yang andal dalam transmisi data sensor. Disimpulkan bahwa prototipe ini memberikan solusi teknologi tepat guna yang efisien bagi UMKM pertanian untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk dan kemandirian energi di wilayah tropis.
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