Model Strategi Penanggulangan Bencana Berbasis Tata Kelola Pemerintahan dan Ketahanan Masyarakat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/nagara.v2i1.61217Keywords:
Penanggulangan Bencana, Tata Kelola Pemerintahan, Ketahanan Masyarakat, Good governance, Manajemen Risiko BencanaAbstract
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat kerentanan bencana tertinggi di dunia, namun kapasitas tata kelola kebencanaan masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan struktural dan kelembagaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan model strategi penanggulangan bencana yang mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good governance) dengan pilar ketahanan masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dan analisis kebijakan, didukung oleh data sekunder dari laporan BNPB, Bappenas, UNDRR, dan berbagai kajian empiris terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas penanggulangan bencana dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh tiga variabel utama: koordinasi lintas sektor pemerintahan, kapasitas adaptif komunitas lokal, dan integrasi sistem informasi kebencanaan. Model yang diusulkan disebut Model Tata Kelola-Ketahanan Terpadu (TK2T) menempatkan sinergi antara aktor pemerintah, masyarakat sipil, sektor swasta, dan lembaga internasional sebagai fondasi penanggulangan bencana yang berkelanjutan. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa transformasi paradigma dari respons reaktif menuju manajemen risiko proaktif memerlukan reformasi kelembagaan, penguatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, dan partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam setiap fase siklus bencana.
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