Ketimpangan Infrastruktur Air dan Kerentanan Kekeringan Desa di Provinsi Gorontalo

Authors

  • Sitti Mutiah Rahman Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
  • Iswan Dunggio Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32493/sm.v7i3.54884

Keywords:

Ketahanan Air, Kekeringan, Infrastruktur Air, Ketimpangan Spasial, Gorontalo

Abstract

Provinsi Gorontalo merupakan salah satu lumbung pangan di kawasan Indonesia timur, namun dalam beberapa tahun terakhir menghadapi peningkatan risiko kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji paradoks kekeringan berulang di wilayah yang secara biofisik kaya sumber daya air permukaan dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif terhadap ketimpangan infrastruktur air dan kerentanan desa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder 732 desa/kelurahan. Statistik deskriptif berupa frekuensi, persentase, dan rasio digunakan untuk memetakan sebaran infrastruktur air dan desa terdampak kekeringan. Selanjutnya disusun dua indeks komposit, yaitu Indeks Kerentanan Air (IKA) dan Indeks Kesenjangan Infrastruktur (IKI), untuk merangkum kondisi defisit struktural dan ketimpangan infrastruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 195 desa (26,64%) mengalami kekeringan pada periode 2023 hingga awal 2024, sementara 79,78% desa memiliki sungai dan 78,28% desa bergantung pada air permukaan. Namun demikian, hanya 34,02% desa yang dilayani jaringan irigasi dan 9,15% yang memiliki embung, sehingga tampak ketimpangan spasial infrastruktur air buatan. Rata-rata nilai IKI sebesar 61,09% menggambarkan kesenjangan infrastruktur yang tinggi, sedangkan nilai IKA sebesar –88,84 menunjukkan defisit struktural yang serius dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan air desa terdampak kekeringan. Temuan ini menegaskan adanya “perangkap kekeringan di tengah kelimpahan air” di Provinsi Gorontalo potensi air permukaan yang melimpah belum terkonversi menjadi ketahanan air tanpa pengembangan infrastruktur irigasi dan tampungan yang lebih merata. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan investasi infrastruktur air yang terarah secara spasial, khususnya irigasi dan embung skala kecil pada klaster desa dengan IKA yang sangat negatif dan IKI yang tinggi, serta pemanfaatan IKA dan IKI sebagai indikator operasional dalam perencanaan ketahanan air di tingkat desa.

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Published

2025-12-31

How to Cite

Rahman, S. M., & Dunggio, I. (2025). Ketimpangan Infrastruktur Air dan Kerentanan Kekeringan Desa di Provinsi Gorontalo. STATMAT: Jurnal Statistika Dan Matematika, 7(3), 397 – 404. https://doi.org/10.32493/sm.v7i3.54884

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Sitti Mutiah Rahman, Iswan Dunggio

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