Author Guidelines

General Author Guidelines

  1. The Manuscript should be written in English and has never been published or is not in the process of submission for publication to other media and does not contain elements of plagiarism.
  2. The Manuscript may take the form of research articles that align to the focus and scope of the journal. 
  3. The Manuscript submitted to Lexeme should adhere to the following word count specifications: it should be between 3000 and 7000 words, excluding supplementary materials, abstract, keywords, and references. Manuscripts falling outside of this specified range may not be considered for review.
  4. The author should register as an author. The guides to register and submit the paper is at the bottom.
  5. The Manuscript will be  published in Lexeme after being reviewed by peer reviewers.
  6. The Manuscript should be prepared according to the following author guidelines and Template. The JOURNAL TEMPLATE can be downloaded HERE.

Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

1. Paper Title

The title of the paper should be short, bright, and informative, but does not exceed 20 words. It should identify the main issue of the paper. It does not contain infrequently-used abbreviations. 

2. Authors Name and Affiliations

The names of author(s) should be accompanied by the authors’ affiliations, affiliations address, and email address of the corresponding author. The authors are listed without any academic titles and job title.

3. Abstract

Abstract is written in one paragraph which consists of the background, objective, research methods, results, conclusions and keywords (3-5 phrases). Abstract should consist of 150-200 words. Abstract should be written in English.

4. Introduction

The introduction should include general and adequate background, literature review, and the research problem(s). Authors should state the objectives of research at the end of the introduction section. Authors must avoid a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. Additionally, the introduction must also include the research gaps, the novelty of the current study, as well as theoretical and practical contributions.

5. Research Method

The section should provide sufficient details of the research design, research site and participants, data collection, and data analysis carried out to generate the results so that the method can be repeated by another researcher. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described. Do not repeat the details of established methods.

6. Result and Discussion

The result should consist of the research findings and how they are discussed. The result has to be supported by sufficient data.

The discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeating them. A combined Result and Discussion section is often appropriate. Authors should avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

The following components should be covered in the discussion: How do your results relate to the original question or objectives outlined in the Introduction section (what/how)? Do you provide interpretation scientifically for each of your results or findings presented (why)? Are your results consistent with what other investigators have reported (what else)? Or are there any differences?

7. Conclusion

Conclusion should answer the objectives of research. The concluding remark should not contain only the repetition of the results and discussions or abstract. You should also suggest future research and point out those that are underway.

8. References

Citations and references are written according to the American Psychological Association (APA) 6th edition style. The literature listed in the References contains only the sources referenced or included in the article. Authors must check each reference against the original source (authors name, volume, issue, year, DOI Number). It is suggested to use Reference Manager Applications like EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero, etc. Authors are also suggested to use other published articles in the same journal as models.

When referencing, authors should give the referenced author’s name followed by the year in parentheses: Smith (2020). If several papers by the same authors and from the same year are cited, a,b,c etc, they should be inserted after the year of publication. In the reference list, references should be listed in alphabetical order.

Recommendations for references are:

  • For multiple authors, all authors’ names should be inserted. The use of et. al for multiple authors is not acceptable.
  • When referencing in the body of text, use 12pt Cambria in brackets.

Types of references are as follows:

For a Book:

Engelmore, R., Morgan, A. eds. (1986). Blackboard Systems. Reading, Mass.: Addison- Wesley.

For a Journal Article:

Robinson, A.L. (1980). New Ways to Make Microcircuits Smaller. Science, 208: 1019-1026.

Bhavsar, D.S., Saraf, K.B. (2002). Morphology of PbI2 Crystals Grown by Gel Method. Crystal Research and Technology, 37: 51–55

Hasling, D.W., Clancey, W.J., Rennels, G.R. (1983). Strategic Explanations in Consultation. The International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 20(1): 3-19.

For a Proceedings Paper:

Clancey, W.J. (1983). Communication, Simulation, and In-telligent Agents: Implications of Personal Intelligent Machines for Medical Education. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 556-560. Menlo Park, Calif.: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence, Inc.

For a Technical Report:

Rice, J. (1986). Poligon: A System for Parallel Problem Solving, Technical Report, KSL-86-19, Dept. of Computer Science, Stanford Univ.

For a Dissertation or Thesis:

Clancey, W.J. (1979). Transfer of Rule-Based Expertise through a Tutorial Dialogue. PhD Dissertation, Department of Computer Science, Stanford University.

For an Internet Reference:

Ivey, K.C. (2 September 1996). Citing Internet sources URL http://www.eei-alex.com/eye/utw/96aug.html.

When preparing your reference list, the following should be avoided:

  • References not cited in the text.
  • Excessively referencing your own work.
  • Insufficiently referencing the work of others.

It is suggested that Authors give DOI number of each reference list. References list must be written consistently, whether the journal titles are written in short (i.e. Jur. Ilm. Ling. Id.) or in long format (Journal of English Studies).

9. General Organization of the Paper

The paper will be published in J-Lalite after peer-reviewed process and decided “Accepted” by Editor. The final paper layout will be reproduced by Editorial Office of Panopticon. The final paper layout in PDF type, known as “Uncorrected Proof” should be corrected by Author. The final corrected proof will be published first in “Article In Press” pre-issue.

Manuscript content should, in general, be organized in the following order: Title; Authors Name; Authors Affiliation; Abstract; Keywords; Introduction; Research Method; Result and Discussion; Conclusion; and References. Manuscript document submitted to this journal (in one MS Word file) should be arranged as follow:

  1. Body-text of manuscript article (from Title to References)
  2. Figure Captions and Table Captions
  3. Figures
  4. Tables

10. Manuscript Heading, Font, and Spacing

The manuscript must be typed using word processing software (Microsoft Word or Open Office). Cambria is the font used throughout the entire paper. The paper size is A4 (i.e., 210 x 297 mm), one-column format (i.e., 85 mm each), with a 3 cm top margin, a 3 cm bottom margin, a 3 cm left margin, and a 3 cm right margin. The lines are single-spaced and justified. Page numbers should be placed in the header section of each page.

11. Section Headings

Three levels of heading are allowed as follows:

  • Level 1 (Heading1 format) - 12pt, Cambria bold, left justified
  • Level 2 (Heading2 format) - 12pt, Cambria bold, left justified
  • Level 3 (Heading3 format) - 12pt, Cambria bold italic, left justified 

12.    Body Text

The body of the text is a set of body text paragraphs defined as follows:

  • 12pt Cambria
  • Single space, defined as 12pt
  • Spacing after the heading is 3pt
  • Spacing before the new heading is 12pt
  • Indentation for the first line is 1 cm. 

13.    Bullets

There are two levels of allowed bulleting:

  • This is the first bullet level
  • This is a sub-bullet level 

14.    Enumerated Lists

Lists are sequentially numbers as follows:

  1. Spacing before the start of list is 3pt
  2. Spacing after the end of list is 3pt 

15.    Tables

Tables are sequentially numbered with the table title and number above the table. Tables should be centred in the column OR on the page. Tables should be followed by a line space (12pt). Elements of a table should be single-spaced, however double spacing can be used to show groupings of data or to separate parts within the table.  Table headings should be in 10pt bold. Tables are referred in the text by the table number. eg: Table 1. Do not show vertical line in the table. There is only horizontal line should be shown within the table. 

16.    Figures

Figures are sequentially numbered commencing at 1 with the figure title and number below the figure as shown in Figure 1. Detailed recommendations for figures are as follows:

  • Ensure that figures are clear and legible with typed letterings.
  • Black & white or colored figures are allowed.
  • If a figure spans two columns, it should be placed at the top or bottom of a page.
  • Hard copy illustrations should, preferably, be scanned and included in the electronic version of the submission in an appropriate format as follows:
  • BMP - Microsoft bitmap file
  • WMF - Windows Metafile Format
  • EPS - Encapsulated Postscript
  • If figures cannot be scanned, the original should be placed in its location within the manuscript using wax or colorless glue.
  • The following files are permissible:
  • Microsoft Graph
  • Microsoft Draw 

17.    Equations

Equations should be numbered serially within parentheses as shown in Equation (1). Equation should be prepared using MS Equation Editor (not in image format). The equation number is to be placed at the extreme right side. 

18.    Units, Abbreviations and Symbols

Metric units are preferred. Define abbreviations and symbols at the first time as they are introduced in the text.