Moderasi Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan Pada Hubungan Adopsi Otomasi Digital Dengan Human Capital Value Added: A Systematic Literature Review 2020–2026
Abstract
Abstrak. Intensifikasi transformasi digital di berbagai sektor industri telah memicu peningkatan substansial dalam adopsi otomatisasi; namun, konsekuensi dari pergeseran ini terhadap Human Capital Value Added (HCVA) atau Nilai Tambah Modal Manusia masih belum terpecahkan secara empiris, dengan hasil yang sangat bervariasi di berbagai kerangka regulasi ketenagakerjaan. Penelitian ini menyajikan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 42 artikel dari database Scopus, Web of Science, dan ScienceDirect periode 2020–2026 menggunakan protokol PRISMA 2020. Content coding sistematis menggunakan extraction matrix 16 kolom mengidentifikasi empat kluster tematik: (1) otomasi digital dan pasar tenaga kerja, (2) regulasi ketenagakerjaan dan produktivitas perusahaan, (3) Human Capital Value Added dan kinerja perusahaan, serta (4) transformasi digital di negara berkembang. Sintesis literatur mengungkapkan bahwa efek adopsi otomasi digital terhadap HCVA bersifat kondisional dan dimoderasi oleh kekakuan institusi ketenagakerjaan - suatu mekanisme yang belum pernah dikaji secara sistematis, khususnya di konteks Asia Tenggara. Studi ini berkontribusi dengan memetakan tiga research gap utama dan mengusulkan lima agenda riset empiris prioritas, termasuk pengujian efek moderasi Employment Protection Legislation (EPL) pada hubungan ADA → HCVA menggunakan data panel perusahaan publik di negara berkembang.
Kata Kunci: Future of Work; Human Capital Value Added; Otomasi Digital; Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan; Systematic Literature Review; Transformasi Digital
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