Design and Evaluation of an Offline-First Web Application for Inclusive Distance Learning in Low-Connectivity Environments Using the ADDIE Framework
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32493/jiup.v11i1.53720Keywords:
ADDIE, distance learning, inclusive education, offline-first, RESTful APIAbstract
The digital divide in low-connectivity regions continues to hinder the implementation of inclusive distance learning, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to design and evaluate an offline-first web application that is lightweight, data-efficient, and capable of operating under unstable network conditions. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE framework (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). The application is developed using the Laravel framework and RESTful API, incorporating offline-first architecture and caching mechanisms to optimize data usage and accessibility. A field-based evaluation was conducted in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, involving 52 participants consisting of high school students and teachers. Evaluation metrics include functional testing, data transfer efficiency, latency measurement, and usability assessment using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The results indicate a high functional success rate of 94.8%, data transfer efficiency of 89.1%, an average payload of approximately 1 MB per session, and a median latency of 910 ms. The usability evaluation yields a mean SUS score of 74.2, categorized as acceptable to good usability. These findings demonstrate that the proposed offline-first approach integrated with the ADDIE framework provides an effective and practical solution for supporting inclusive distance learning in low-connectivity environments. The study highlights the feasibility and scalability of lightweight web applications in addressing the educational digital divide.
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