PENGARUH WORK-LIFE BALANCE TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Keywords:
work-life balanceAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kinerja karyawan, menjelaskan mekanisme yang menghubungkan kedua konstruk, serta mengidentifikasi kondisi yang memperkuat atau melemahkan hubungan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review dengan pedoman PRISMA secara adaptif. Artikel ditelusuri melalui sumber ilmiah daring dengan kata kunci yang mengombinasikan work-life balance, employee performance, job performance, work ability, flexible work, dan supervisor support. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel peer-reviewed, membahas pekerja atau karyawan, memuat hubungan work-life balance dengan keluaran kinerja, dan diterbitkan terutama pada 2014–2025. Sebanyak 15 artikel utama disintesis secara naratif dan tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa work-life balance pada umumnya berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja, baik secara langsung maupun melalui kepuasan kerja, kesejahteraan psikologis, keterikatan kerja, komitmen, dan penurunan stres. Namun, pengaruh tersebut tidak bersifat otomatis. Dukungan atasan, otonomi, fleksibilitas yang terkendali, desain beban kerja, budaya organisasi, dan kemampuan menetapkan batas kerja berfungsi sebagai kondisi penting. Sebaliknya, fleksibilitas tanpa kejelasan ekspektasi dapat memperpanjang jam kerja dan mengaburkan batas kehidupan pribadi. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa work-life balance perlu diperlakukan sebagai sistem pengelolaan sumber daya kerja, bukan sekadar fasilitas kesejahteraan. Organisasi disarankan mengintegrasikan fleksibilitas, dukungan supervisor, pengendalian beban kerja, hak untuk tidak selalu terhubung, dan evaluasi kinerja berbasis hasil.
Kata Kunci: work-life balance; kinerja karyawan; kepuasan kerja; fleksibilitas kerja; systematic literature review
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